Turning

Turning is one of the most basic machining processes. That is, the part is rotated while it is being machined. The starting material is generally a workpiece generated by other processes such as casting, forging, extrusion, or drawing.

The turning processes are typically carried out on a lathe, considered to be the oldest machine tools, and can be of four different types such as straight turning, taper turning, profiling or external grooving. Those types of turning processes can produce various shapes of materials. Each group of workpiece materials has an optimum set of tools angles which have been developed through the years.